18-45
And set forth to them the similitude of the life of this world: (It is) like water which We send down from the sky, then the vegetation of the earth mixes up with it then it becomes dry broken pieces which the winds scatter, and Allah is the Holder of power over everything.
The likeness of the life of this world is only like water which We send down from the sky, then with the (water) mixes up the vegetation of the earth, from which mankind and cattle eat, to the extent that the earth takes up its decoration and is adorned (with luxuriant vegetation); and (when) its owners think that they are all powerful over (getting full benefit out of) it, Our command comes (down on it) by night or by day and We make it a reaped (field of vegetation) as if it had not flourished yesterday. Thus do We explain the signs in detail for a people who reflect. (10:24)
18-46
Wealth and sons are an adornment of the life of this world, but the righteous works that remain are better in the sight of your Fosterer in reward and better in respect of hope.
In the life of the world, wealth provides many physical comforts and sons provide moral support, therefore people do not hesitate to commit grave sins to acquire wealth and to provide it to their children, basing their hopes on these two sources for a peaceful life but they are many times utterly disappointed. Contrary to this, working in accordance with the Quran and teachings of our prophet is better in reward and the best sources on which we can base our hope for a peaceful life here and hereafter
18-50
And when We said to the angels, “”Bow down before Adam,”” so they (all) bowed down except Iblis, he was of the jinn so he went beyond the limits of the commandment of his Fosterer. What! would you then take him and his descendants as friends besides Me while they are your enemies? (The friendship of Iblis, compared to the friendship of Allah, is) an evil exchange for those who are unjust.
See Verse 2:30 and Summarised Commentary Chapter: 15 Verses: 26-44.
18-52
And the day (when) He will say, “”Call those whom you claimed to be My partners.”” So they will call them but they will not respond to them and We will make a partition between them.
On the day of judgment the presumed partners of Allah(SWT) will not respond to the calls of the polytheists and the criminals will be sure to fall in hell
18-55
And nothing holds back mankind from believing when the guidance comes to them, and from asking protective forgiveness from their Fosterer, except that (they wait) that the procedure (adopted) for the ancients should be adopted for them (too), or (that) the punishment should come face to face (with them).
Many people believe and ask for forgiveness only after seeing the punishment
18-56
And We do not send the messengers but as conveyers of good news and warners. And those who are infidels dispute, (basing their argument) on falsehood, in order to weaken thereby the truth, and they take My signs and that with which they are warned, as mockery.
Messengers of Allah (SWT) convey the good news of paradise and warn against hell. Infidels try to weaken the truth sent by Allah (SWT) by basing their arguments on falsehood and ridiculing the warning.
18-57
And who is more unjust than he who is reminded through the signs of his Fosterer but he turns away from them and forgets what his hands have sent forth ? We have certainly placed veils over their hearts lest they should understand the (Quran) and heaviness in their ears, and if you invite them towards guidance, even then they will not accept guidance for ever.
Allah (SWT) seals the receptive powers of some unjust people, therefore they turn away from His message and forget their sins for which they will be punished at an appointed time as was done earlier with such people of many towns.