List Of Sura's

Summarized Commentary

Explanatory Notes on Topics of Science

Urdu Transliteration

Al-Baqarah (The Cow)

2-140

Or do you say that Ibrahim and Ismael and Ishaq and Yaqub and the tribes were Jews or Christians?”” Say, “”Do you know better or Allah?”” And who is more unjust than one who hides a testimony which he has from Allah? And Allah is not unaware of what you do.

أَمْ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالْأَسْبَاطَ كَانُوا هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَىٰ ۗ قُلْ أَأَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللَّهُ ۗ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَتَمَ شَهَادَةً عِنْدَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ

“Musa and Isa (PBT) were sent to the Bani Israel, and both these Prophets being descendents of Ibrahim, Ishaq and Yaqoob or Israel (PBH) came after them then how can people who lived before Musa and Isa (PBT) be considered as Jews or Christians? They are therefore questioned, whether their knowledge of history is correct or Allah’s, Who precisely knows everything, everywhere. Jews and Christians, as discussed earlier, knew from their Divine books that Muhammed (PBH) was the messenger of Allah but they were hiding this testimony and thus acting unjustly. They are informed that Allah (SWT) is not unaware of all that they are doing”

2-141

That was a community which has passed away, for them is that which they earned, and for you that which you earn, and you will not be questioned about what they used to do. (R 16, P 1)

تِلْكَ أُمَّةٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ ۖ لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَلَكُمْ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ ۖ وَلَا تُسْأَلُونَ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ

“is repetition of Verse 134 discussed earlier. Part one completed”

2-142

The foolish among the people will say, “”What has turned them from their Qiblah {13} (Direction in which Muslims are required to face during Worship – salat) towards which they used to (face)?”” say “”The east and the west are Allahs, He guides whom He wills, towards the straight path.””

سَيَقُولُ السُّفَهَاءُ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَا وَلَّاهُمْ عَنْ قِبْلَتِهِمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهَا ۚ قُلْ لِلَّهِ الْمَشْرِقُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ ۚ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ

“Qibla is the direction in which Muslims are required to face while offering Salat. Till 16 to 17 months after Hijrath from Makkah to Madina, Baitul Muqaddas at Jerusalem was the Qibla which was sacred to Jews and Christians as well. During one of the Salats in a Mosque at Madina, the order to change the Qibla from Baitul Muqaddas to the sacred Mosque (Kaaba) at Makkah was revealed and implemented immediately. This Mosque still exists in Madina and is known as the Masjid–al–Qiblatain (where two Qiblas were followed). Kaaba is stated to be the oldest house laid down for mankind 3:96 constructed or repaired by Ibrahim and Ismail (PBT) 2:125 – 127.

A glance at the world map shows that Kaaba is located centrally with respect to all the continents of the world. Muslims all over the world face towards the Kaaba while offering Salat, so that with Kaaba as the center, parallel or concentric circles of praying Muslims are formed all over the world resembling the circles of praying Muslims formed in the premises of the Sacred Mosque itself. There were idols in Kaaba till the conquest of Mecca in 8 H. This fact clearly indicates that we do not worship the Kaaba, we worship only Allah (SWT) “So let them serve (worship) the Fosterer of this house (i.e. Kaaba) 106:3. We face towards the Kaaba probably for uniformity and display of unity. In the absence of a common direction during Salat, Muslims from different parts of the world would have turned in different directions causing confusion especially during occasion like the Hajj. All directions belong to Allah (SWT) and the change of Qibla was to distinguish true Muslims from others because Jews and Christians too considered Baitul Muqaddas sacred, besides, it was the desire of Prophet Muhammed (PBH) to have the sacred Mosque (Kaaba) as Qibla. The Owners of the book recognised Prophet Muhammed (PBH) as easily as they recognize their sons and also knew that the order to change the Qibla was a truth from Allah (SWT) even then they foolishly did not follow the new Qibla of Muslims. Everyone follows his own Qibla and no one will follow the Qibla of others. The orders are to face the Kaaba during Salat wherever and whenever we offer Salat and to whichever place we may belong. The word ‘Wasata’ 2:143 conveys the sense of middle, average, normal etc. the Muslim community can be considered normal in the sense that they did not elevate the messenger of Allah to the position of God or His son like the Christians nor did they trouble him like the Jews. The Kaaba is located at the center or middle of all continents, consequently the founder community following Prophet Muhammed (PBH) was also geographically central and probably historically too, considering Adam’s (PBH) period as the starting time and the end of the universe as the end of history of man. This central position of the Muslim community in time and space and the fact that prophet Muhammed (PBH) was the last messenger of Allah and the Quran, the final Divine revelation require that this community should keep an eye on the whole of mankind (3:104 and 110) as Prophet Muhammed (PBH) kept an eye on them and for this purpose they should be models implementing the Quran as Prophet Muhammed (PBH) was a model practically implementing the Quran 33:21. This might be the sense conveyed through the statement “………. that you may be a witness on mankind and the messenger may be a witness on you ….” 2:143.”

Qibla:

A glance at the world map shows that Kaaba is centrally located with respect to all the continents of the world. Muslims all over the world are required to face the Kaaba while offering salat, so that with Kaaba as the center, parallel circles of praying Muslims are formed all over the earth. It may be noted that we do not worship the Kaaba, we worship only Allah. We only face towards the Kaaba probably for uniformity, because in the absence of a common direction during salat, Muslims from different parts of the world would have turned in different directions causing confusion especially at occasions like Hajj.

2-143

And thus We have made you a middle community (probably with respect to location and time) that you may be witnesses (by keeping an eye) on mankind and the messenger may be a witness (by keeping an eye) on you. And We had appointed the Qiblah, towards which you used to (turn earlier), only to know (distinguish) one who follows the messenger, from one who turns away on his heels. And that was a great (test) except for those whom Allah had guided, and Allah will not waste your belief, Allah is certainly full of pity for human beings, Merciful.

وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا لِتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ الرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا ۗ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الْقِبْلَةَ الَّتِي كُنْتَ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا لِنَعْلَمَ مَنْ يَتَّبِعُ الرَّسُولَ مِمَّنْ يَنْقَلِبُ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ ۚ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَبِيرَةً إِلَّا عَلَى الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ ۗ وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِالنَّاسِ لَرَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-144

We have surely seen you turning your face towards the sky, therefore We will definitely turn you towards the Qiblah with which you are pleased. So turn your face towards the direction of the Sacred Mosque (Kaaba) and wherever you are then turn your faces in that direction. And those who have been given the book, certainly know that this is the truth from their Fosterer, and Allah is not unaware of what they do.

قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا ۚ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ ۗ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-145

And even if you come with all signs, to those who have been given the book, they will not follow your Qiblah, nor will you be the followers of their Qiblah, nor some of them will be the followers of the Qiblah of others. And if you follow their desires after the knowledge that has come to you, then you would certainly be of those who are unjust.

وَلَئِنْ أَتَيْتَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ بِكُلِّ آيَةٍ مَا تَبِعُوا قِبْلَتَكَ ۚ وَمَا أَنْتَ بِتَابِعٍ قِبْلَتَهُمْ ۚ وَمَا بَعْضُهُمْ بِتَابِعٍ قِبْلَةَ بَعْضٍ ۚ وَلَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ ۙ إِنَّكَ إِذًا لَمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-146

Those to whom We have given the book, recognise him as they recognise their sons, and a group from among them certainly hide the truth while they know.

الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنْهُمْ لَيَكْتُمُونَ الْحَقَّ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-147

The truth (is) from your Fosterer, so do not be among those who doubt. (R 17)

الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۖ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-148

And for everyone there is a direction towards which he turns, so hasten towards good; wherever you are Allah will bring you all together, Allah certainly has power over everything.

وَلِكُلٍّ وِجْهَةٌ هُوَ مُوَلِّيهَا ۖ فَاسْتَبِقُوا الْخَيْرَاتِ ۚ أَيْنَ مَا تَكُونُوا يَأْتِ بِكُمُ اللَّهُ جَمِيعًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-149

And from whichever place you come forth, then turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque, and it is certainly the truth from your Fosterer and Allah is not unaware of what you do.

وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۖ وَإِنَّهُ لَلْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-150

And from whichever place you come forth, then turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque, and in whichever place you are then turn your faces towards it, so that people may not have (any point of) dispute against you, except those who are unjust among them, so do not fear them but fear Me so that I may complete My favour on you and that you may receive guidance.

وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ فَلَا تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَاخْشَوْنِي وَلِأُتِمَّ نِعْمَتِي عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ

“Same as Verse No. 142”

2-151

Like that, We have sent among you a messenger from among you, who reads to you Our signs (that is, practically demonstrate the Quran) and purifies you and teaches you the book and the wisdom and teaches you that which you did not know.

كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا فِيكُمْ رَسُولًا مِنْكُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْكُمْ آيَاتِنَا وَيُزَكِّيكُمْ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَا لَمْ تَكُونُوا تَعْلَمُونَ

“Explained while explaining Verse 129.”

2-152

So remember Me I will remember you and be grateful to Me and do not be ungrateful to Me. (R 18)

فَاذْكُرُونِي أَذْكُرْكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لِي وَلَا تَكْفُرُونِ

“‘Zikr’ in the sense of remembering Allah (SWT) involves offering Salat, studying the Quran, mentioning Allah (SWT), reminding and admonishing people regarding Him, remembering Him within oneself etc. If someone constantly keeps Allah (SWT) in mind in such a manner then he too remembers Him and His remembrance of someone is probably felt as peace of mind and heart 13:28 When we face favourable circumstances in life, which we call success, we are required to be thankful to Allah (SWT) and not to be ungrateful, the reward of such an attitude is that He bestows more favours 14:7. When we face unfavorable circumstance, which we call failure, we are required to exhibit patience and seek the help of Allah (SWT) through Salat. Allah (SWT) being with the patient, probably means that He helps those who patiently put up with unfavorable circumstances and seek only His help through Salat.”

2-153

O you who believe! seek help through patience and worship (salat), Allah is certainly with the patient.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَالصَّلَاةِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ

“Same as Verse No. 152”

2-154

And do not say for those who are slain in the way of Allah (that they are) dead. No! they are alive but you do not perceive.

وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَمْوَاتٌ ۚ بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ وَلَٰكِنْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ

“The Physical bodies of those slain in the way of Allah (SWT) were severely wounded still
it is said that they are rejoicing 3:170. This indicates that their souls, (i.e. their Psychical personalities which appear to be abstract and not material due to which we are unable to perceive them), did not feel the pain of the wounds. Receiving provision 3:169 and remembering their friends in this world too are signs of life and consciousness. The Psychical personalities of those slain in the way of Allah (SWT) are probably leading a life resembling our dreams, because their Physical bodies were buried in the earth. It is stated in the Quran that ‘Every soul tastes death’ 3:185. Those who are slain in the way of Allah (SWT) may experience death at the end of this world. 55:26-27 The Psychical personalities of others appear to experience death with the death of their Physical bodies.”

2-155

And We will definitely test you with something of fear and hunger and loss in wealth and life and fruits (results of efforts) and convey good news to the patient,

وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْخَوْفِ وَالْجُوعِ وَنَقْصٍ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَنْفُسِ وَالثَّمَرَاتِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ الصَّابِرِينَ

“Allah (SWT) created human beings to test them so as to pick out those who are good in action 11:7, 67:2. This test according to verse 155 under discussion is conducted in the following five fields.
1) Fear (of unfavorable circumstances)
2) Hunger (due to poverty)
3) Loss in property or wealth (in business, investments, thefts etc.)
4) Loss of life (of near and dear ones)
5) Fruits (i.e. adverse results of efforts). Those who are patient under such tragic circumstances express their helplessness and their hope in Allah (SWT) by saying: ‘We belong to Allah (SWT) (i.e. He can do with us whatever He wills to) and (ultimately) we have to return to Him (after death when He may reward us for our patience)”. Such persons receive the blessings of Allah (SWT) in the form of His Mercy i.e. guidance towards the path leading to paradise.”

2-156

who, when a disaster falls on them, say, “”We are Allahs and we have to return to Him.””

الَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ

“Same as Verse No. 155”

2-157

Those are the persons over whom are blessings from their Fosterer with (His) mercy, and those are the persons who receive guidance.

أُولَٰئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَاتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ

“Same as Verse No. 155”

2-158

The (hills of) Safa and Marwa are certainly among the symbols of Allah, so whoever is on a pilgrimage (Hajj) to the house (Kaaba) or pays a visit (Umrah) there is no sin on him if he goes around both of them, and whoever does good willingly, then Allah is certainly One Who acknowledges, the Knower.

إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ ۖ فَمَنْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا ۚ وَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَاكِرٌ عَلِيمٌ

“Safa Marawah are two hillocks near Kaaba. Hajirah, the wife of Ibrahim (PBH) ran seven times in between these hillocks in search of water for her child Ismael (PBH). She finally found the spring of Zum Zum near Kaaba. In view of this, these two hillocks serve as symbols of the anxiety of Hajirah, her prayer and the acceptance of her prayer. Later on the pagan Arabs placed idols on these hillocks and the pilgrims used to touch them respectfully consequently early Muslims hesitated in going round these places. After the conquest of Mecca by Prophet Muhammed (PBH) and his followers all idols were removed from the sacred Mosque. It is probably in this background that Allah (SWT) is stating that there is no sin in going round these hillocks (now that the idols have been removed).”

2-159

Those who hide that which We have sent down (in the form) of clear proofs and guidance, after what We had made clear for the human beings in the book, they are certainly the persons whom Allah curses and (also) curse them, those who curse,

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْتُمُونَ مَا أَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ الْبَيِّنَاتِ وَالْهُدَىٰ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا بَيَّنَّاهُ لِلنَّاسِ فِي الْكِتَابِ ۙ أُولَٰئِكَ يَلْعَنُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَلْعَنُهُمُ اللَّاعِنُونَ

“Allah (SWT) reveals his message through his messengers and Divine books with the sole purpose that it should be made known to all other people. Those who deliberately hide His message are cursed by Him and others who curse except those who accept this sin of theirs, repent and make known to people what they had hided. These are the persons whose repentance is accepted by Allah (SWT) because He is the Accepter of repentance being Merciful.”